/***************************************************************************************************
 **
 **  Original work Copyright (C) 2013 Ingo Berg
 **  Modified work Copyright 2014 Roman Telezhynskyi <dismine(at)gmail.com>
 **
 **  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this
 **  software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software
 **  without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,
 **  merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
 **  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 **
 **  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
 **  substantial portions of the Software.
 **
 **  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
 **  NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
 **  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
 **  DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 **  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 **
 ******************************************************************************************************/

#ifndef QMUQPARSERBASE_H
#define QMUQPARSERBASE_H

#include <QStack>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>

#include "qmuparserdef.h"
#include "qmuparsertokenreader.h"
#include "qmuparserbytecode.h"
#include "qmuparsererror.h"


namespace qmu
{
/**
 * @file
 * @brief This file contains the class definition of the qmuparser engine.
 */

/**
 * @brief Mathematical expressions parser (base parser engine).
 * @author (C) 2013 Ingo Berg
 *
 * This is the implementation of a bytecode based mathematical expressions parser.
 * The formula will be parsed from string and converted into a bytecode.
 * Future calculations will be done with the bytecode instead the formula string
 * resulting in a significant performance increase.
 * Complementary to a set of internally implemented functions the parser is able to handle
 * user defined functions and variables.
 */
class QmuParserBase
{
    friend class QmuParserTokenReader;
public:
    /**
     * @brief Type of the error class.
     *
     * Included for backwards compatibility.
     */
    typedef QmuParserError exception_type;

    QmuParserBase();
    QmuParserBase(const QmuParserBase &a_Parser);
    QmuParserBase& operator=(const QmuParserBase &a_Parser) Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    virtual ~QmuParserBase();

    static void        EnableDebugDump(bool bDumpCmd, bool bDumpStack);
    qreal              Eval() const;
    qreal*             Eval(int &nStackSize) const;
    void               Eval(qreal *results, int nBulkSize) const;
    int                GetNumResults() const;
    void               SetExpr(const QString &a_sExpr);
    void               SetVarFactory(facfun_type a_pFactory, void *pUserData = NULL);
    void               SetDecSep(char_type cDecSep);
    void               SetThousandsSep(char_type cThousandsSep = 0);
    void               ResetLocale();
    void               EnableOptimizer(bool a_bIsOn=true) Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               EnableBuiltInOprt(bool a_bIsOn=true) Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    bool               HasBuiltInOprt() const Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               AddValIdent(identfun_type a_pCallback);
    void               DefineOprt(const QString &a_strName, fun_type2 a_pFun, unsigned a_iPri=0,
                                  EOprtAssociativity a_eAssociativity = oaLEFT, bool a_bAllowOpt = false);
    void               DefineConst(const QString &a_sName, qreal a_fVal);
    void               DefineStrConst(const QString &a_sName, const QString &a_strVal);
    void               DefineVar(const QString &a_sName, qreal *a_fVar);
    void               DefinePostfixOprt(const QString &a_strFun, fun_type1 a_pOprt, bool a_bAllowOpt=true);
    void               DefineInfixOprt(const QString &a_strName, fun_type1 a_pOprt, int a_iPrec=prINFIX,
                                       bool a_bAllowOpt=true);
    // Clear user defined variables, constants or functions
    void               ClearVar() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ClearFun() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ClearConst() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ClearInfixOprt() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ClearPostfixOprt() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ClearOprt() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               RemoveVar(const QString &a_strVarName) Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    const varmap_type& GetUsedVar() const;
    const varmap_type& GetVar() const;
    const valmap_type& GetConst() const;
    const QString&     GetExpr() const;
    const funmap_type& GetFunDef() const Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    static QString     GetVersion(EParserVersionInfo eInfo = pviFULL);
    static const QStringList& GetOprtDef();
    void               DefineNameChars(const QString &a_szCharset);
    void               DefineOprtChars(const QString &a_szCharset);
    void               DefineInfixOprtChars(const QString &a_szCharset);
    const QString&     ValidNameChars() const;
    const QString&     ValidOprtChars() const;
    const QString&     ValidInfixOprtChars() const;
    void               SetArgSep(char_type cArgSep);
    QChar              GetArgSep() const;
    void               Error(EErrorCodes a_iErrc, int a_iPos = -1, const QString &a_strTok = QString() ) const;
    /**
     * @fn void qmu::QmuParserBase::DefineFun(const string_type &a_strName, fun_type0 a_pFun,
     * bool a_bAllowOpt = true)
     * @brief Define a parser function without arguments.
     * @param a_strName Name of the function
     * @param a_pFun Pointer to the callback function
     * @param a_bAllowOpt A flag indicating this function may be optimized
     */
    template<typename T>
    void DefineFun(const QString &a_strName, T a_pFun, bool a_bAllowOpt = true)
    {
        AddCallback( a_strName, QmuParserCallback(a_pFun, a_bAllowOpt), m_FunDef, ValidNameChars() );
    }
protected:
    static const QStringList c_DefaultOprt;
    static std::locale s_locale;  ///< The locale used by the parser
    static bool g_DbgDumpCmdCode;
    static bool g_DbgDumpStack;
    void Init();
    virtual void InitCharSets() = 0;
    virtual void InitFun() = 0;
    virtual void InitConst() = 0;
    virtual void InitOprt() = 0;
    virtual void OnDetectVar(const QString &pExpr, int &nStart, int &nEnd);
    /**
     * @brief A facet class used to change decimal and thousands separator.
     */
    template<class TChar>
    class change_dec_sep : public std::numpunct<TChar>
    {
        public:
            explicit change_dec_sep(char_type cDecSep, char_type cThousandsSep = 0, int nGroup = 3)
            :std::numpunct<TChar>(), m_nGroup(nGroup), m_cDecPoint(cDecSep), m_cThousandsSep(cThousandsSep)
            {}
        protected:
            virtual char_type do_decimal_point() const
            {
                return m_cDecPoint;
            }

            virtual char_type do_thousands_sep() const
            {
                return m_cThousandsSep;
            }

            virtual std::string do_grouping() const
            {
                return std::string(1, m_nGroup);
            }
        private:
            int m_nGroup;
            char_type m_cDecPoint;
            char_type m_cThousandsSep;
    };
private:
    /**
     * @brief Typedef for the parse functions.
     *
     * The parse function do the actual work. The parser exchanges
     * the function pointer to the parser function depending on
     * which state it is in. (i.e. bytecode parser vs. string parser)
     */
    typedef qreal (QmuParserBase::*ParseFunction)() const;

    /**
     * @brief Type used for storing an array of values.
     */
    typedef QVector<qreal> valbuf_type;

    /**
     * @brief Type for a vector of strings.
     */
    typedef QVector<QString> stringbuf_type;

    /**
     * @brief Typedef for the token reader.
     */
    typedef QmuParserTokenReader token_reader_type;

    /**
     * @brief Type used for parser tokens.
     */
    typedef QmuParserToken<qreal, QString> token_type;

    /**
     * @brief Maximum number of threads spawned by OpenMP when using the bulk mode.
     */
    static const int s_MaxNumOpenMPThreads = 4;

    /**
     * @brief Pointer to the parser function.
     *
     * Eval() calls the function whose address is stored there.
     */
    mutable ParseFunction     m_pParseFormula;
    mutable QmuParserByteCode m_vRPN;        ///< The Bytecode class.
    mutable stringbuf_type    m_vStringBuf; ///< String buffer, used for storing string function arguments
    stringbuf_type            m_vStringVarBuf;

    std::unique_ptr<token_reader_type> m_pTokenReader; ///< Managed pointer to the token reader object.

    funmap_type  m_FunDef;         ///< Map of function names and pointers.
    funmap_type  m_PostOprtDef;    ///< Postfix operator callbacks
    funmap_type  m_InfixOprtDef;   ///< unary infix operator.
    funmap_type  m_OprtDef;        ///< Binary operator callbacks
    valmap_type  m_ConstDef;       ///< user constants.
    strmap_type  m_StrVarDef;      ///< user defined string constants
    varmap_type  m_VarDef;         ///< user defind variables.

    bool m_bBuiltInOp;             ///< Flag that can be used for switching built in operators on and off

    QString m_sNameChars;      ///< Charset for names
    QString m_sOprtChars;      ///< Charset for postfix/ binary operator tokens
    QString m_sInfixOprtChars; ///< Charset for infix operator tokens

    mutable int m_nIfElseCounter;  ///< Internal counter for keeping track of nested if-then-else clauses

    // items merely used for caching state information
    mutable valbuf_type m_vStackBuffer; ///< This is merely a buffer used for the stack in the cmd parsing routine
    mutable int m_nFinalResultIdx;

    void               Assign(const QmuParserBase &a_Parser);
    void               InitTokenReader() Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               ReInit() const Q_DECL_NOEXCEPT;
    void               AddCallback(const QString &a_strName, const QmuParserCallback &a_Callback,
                                   funmap_type &a_Storage, const QString &a_szCharSet );
    void               ApplyRemainingOprt(QStack<token_type> &a_stOpt, QStack<token_type> &a_stVal) const;
    void               ApplyBinOprt(QStack<token_type> &a_stOpt, QStack<token_type> &a_stVal) const;
    void               ApplyIfElse(QStack<token_type> &a_stOpt, QStack<token_type> &a_stVal) const;
    void               ApplyFunc(QStack<token_type> &a_stOpt, QStack<token_type> &a_stVal, int iArgCount) const;
    token_type         ApplyStrFunc(const token_type &a_FunTok, const QVector<token_type> &a_vArg) const;
    int                GetOprtPrecedence(const token_type &a_Tok) const;
    EOprtAssociativity GetOprtAssociativity(const token_type &a_Tok) const;
    void               CreateRPN() const;
    qreal              ParseString() const;
    qreal              ParseCmdCode() const;
    qreal              ParseCmdCodeBulk(int nOffset, int nThreadID) const;
    void               CheckName(const QString &a_strName, const QString &a_CharSet) const;
    void               CheckOprt(const QString &a_sName, const QmuParserCallback &a_Callback,
                                 const QString &a_szCharSet) const;
    void               StackDump(const QStack<token_type > &a_stVal, const QStack<token_type > &a_stOprt) const;
};

} // namespace qmu

#endif